HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH II

QUEEN OF CANADA; QUEEN OF SASKATCHEWAN

 


 
HM Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada
Wearing Her Canadian Orders

"Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories, Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith."
 

Click here to hear the Royal Anthem from the Canadian Heritage site
 
HM The Queen of Canada
HRH The Prince of Wales
 
Long to Reign Over Us
The Royal Standard
Head of State of... 
A Brief History of the Monarchy in Canada
Defender of the Faith
The Crown and Our First Nations
The Crown and Our Canadian Forces
Succession to the Throne

LONG TO REIGN OVER US

 60 YEARS AND COUNTING!

Since the 17th century, only three other Sovereigns have reigned over Canada for more than half a century: They were Louis XIV of France for 72 years (1643-1715), George III of Great Britain for 60years (1760-1820) and his grand-daughter Queen Victoria for 64 years (1837-1901). Before her Coronation she assumed the separate title "Queen of Canada" by Act of her Canadian Parliament. This new royal style and title was proclaimed at Ottawa 29 May 1953.
 

THE ROYAL STANDARD 

 

The Royal Standard is the official flag of Her Majesty The Queen in her capacity as Sovereign of Canada.

The flag is split into four quadrants. The first quadrant represents England and contains three gold lions passant on a red field; the second quadrant represents Scotland and contains a red lion rampant on a gold field; the third quadrant represents Ireland and contains the gold harp of Ireland on a blue field; the fourth quadrant represents France and has three fleurs de lis on a blue field. The lower third of the flag contains red maple leaves of Canada on a white field.

A blue disc containing the crowned letter 'E' (for 'Elizabeth'), encircled by a wreath of gold roses, is superimposed over the coat of arms.

In Flag protocol, the Royal Standard is supreme. It must only be flown from buildings where the Queen is present. It flies above the Maple Leaf, Standards of other Royal Family members, and other provincial flags. It never flies at half mast.

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IS HEAD OF STATE OF...

Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands,
St. Kitts - Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, Tuvalu and the United Kingdom
 

A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE MONARCHY IN CANADA 

Canadians have lived with royalty ever since Henry IV, King of France, commissioned Pierre Du Gus de Monts as his viceroy and lieutenant-general in Acadie (or Acadia), the name given in the 16th century to lands now forming New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and parts of Quebec and Maine. This was in 1604. The treaty of 1763 saw a changeover from a French monarch to a British monarch.

The question is sometimes raised today why French Canada should feel any loyalty to a British sovereign. One must remember that our monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is a direct descendant of Louis IX of France. He in turn was also the ancestor of Henry IV, the sovereign who first claimed Acadie. It must be remembered also, that the majority of French Canadians in Lower Canada (Quebec) voted for the confederation of 1867. Quebec has been the keystone for most of the majority governments in Ottawa and has given several prime ministers to head federal regimes.

Queen Elizabeth II is Queen of Canada, monarch of all Canadians, and she is Queen by the will of the people.

DEFENDER OF THE FAITH

 Although the Queen's Canadian title includes "Defender of the Faith," neither the Queen, the governor general, nor any lieutenant-governor has any religious role in Canada. There have been no established churches in Canada since before confederation in 1867. This is one of the key differences from the Queen's role in the United Kingdom where she is Supreme Governor of the Church of England. 

THE CROWN AND OUR FIRST NATIONS 

Canada's First Nations view their treaties as being agreements directly between them and the Crown, not with the ever-changing government. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 by King George III made clear that the First Nations were autonomous political units and affirmed their title to lands. It remains an important document, mentioned in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, outlining the Canadian Crown's responsibility to protect First Nations' territories and maintain the bilateral "nation-to-nation" relationship. 

THE CROWN AND OUR CANADIAN FORCES 

The Crown retains a prominent place within the Canadian Forces. The Constitution Act, 1867 states that the Command-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is vested in the Queen. However, the 1905 Militia Act changed references to the Office of the Governor General to become the Office of the Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of the Militia; the title and its duties being held and performed by the Governor General on behalf of the Sovereign. The Letters Patent of 1947 further reinforce this position.
 
The Sovereign's position and role in the military is reflected by Canadian naval vessels bearing the prefix Her Majesty's Canadian Ship (HMCS) (subsequently His Majesty's Canadian Ship during the reign of a king), and all members of the armed forces must swear allegiance to the Queen and her heirs and successors.
 
HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH II
 
 
 
The Queen was born in London on 21 April 1926, the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York, subsequently King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. Five weeks later she was christened Elizabeth Alexandra Mary in the chapel at Buckingham Palace. 
 
She married His Royal Highness The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh on 20 November 1947 in Westminster Abbey.  Upon the death of her father, King George VI, on 6 February 1952, she ascended to the throne and was crowned Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953 in Westminster Abbey. 
 
HM Queen Elizabeth II and HRH Prince Philip have four children; Prince Charles, The Prince of Wales; Princess Anne, The Princess Royal; Prince Andrew, The Duke of York; Prince Edward, The Earl of Wessex.  They have seven grand-children.

 

 

The Duke & Duchess of York with Princess Elizabeth

1926

 

Princesses Elizabeth & Margaret wave from the balcony of Buckingham Palace following their father's coronation

1937

 

Wedding of Princess Elizabeth & Prince Philip

November 20, 1947

 

The Coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II

June 2, 1953

   

 
 
 
The Prince of Wales
Heir Apparent 
 
His Royal Highness Prince Charles Philip Arthur George, Prince of Wales, KG, KT, GCB, OM, AK, QSO, PC, ADC, Earl of Chester, Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Prince and Great Steward of Scotland.
 
** definition of titles
 
 
HRH The Prince of Wales and HRH The Duchess of Cornwall
 
The Prince of Wales, eldest son of The Queen and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, was born at Buckingham Palace at 9:14pm on 14th November, 1948. 

On The Queen's accession to the throne, Prince Charles - as the Sovereign's eldest son - became at the age of three heir apparent.

In 1958, The Queen created him The Prince of Wales, and he was invested as Prince of Wales by The Queen on 1st July 1969 in a colourful ceremony at Caernarfon Castle.
 
On 29th July, 1981, The Prince of Wales married Lady Diana Spencer in St Paul's Cathedral. The Princess was born on 1st July 1961, at Park House on The Queen's estate at Sandringham, Norfolk, and lived there until the death of her grandfather, the 7th Earl, in 1975, when the family moved to the Spencer family seat at Althorp House in Northamptonshire.

The Prince and Princess of Wales had two sons, Prince William who was born on 21st June, 1982, and Prince Harry was born on 15th September, 1984.

On 9th December, 1992, the Prime Minister, John Major, announced to the House of Commons that The Prince and Princess of Wales had agreed to separate. The marriage was dissolved on 28th August, 1996. The Princess was still regarded as a member of the Royal Family. She continued to live at Kensington Palace and to carry out her public work for a number of charities.

The Princess was killed in a car crash in Paris on 31st August, 1997. The Princess lay in the Chapel Royal at St James's Palace until the night before the funeral.

On 9th April 2005, The Prince of Wales and Mrs Parker Bowles were married in a civil ceremony at the Guildhall,Windsor. She was born Camilla Rosemary Shand on 17th July 1947 at King’s College Hospital, London, the eldest of three children.
After the wedding, Mrs Parker Bowles became known as HRH The Duchess of Cornwall.

When The Prince of Wales accedes to the Throne, it is intended that The Duchess will be known as HRH The Princess Consort.

Official site of The Prince of Wales
 
The Prince of Wales' Personal Canadian Flag
 
 

The flag of the Prince of Wales bears a blue roundel within a wreath of golden maple leaves for Canada. The centre features the badge commonly known as the Prince of Wales’ feathers used by the heir apparent to the reigning monarch. Near the top of the flag is the traditional heraldic mark of an eldest male child, the three-point white label.

Precedence

Note that where the Governor General is in attendance, his personal flag will fly as he is the representative of The Queen in Canada and has precedence over The Prince of Wales and The Duke of Cambridge.

 


SUCCESSION TO THE THRONE 

Succession to the throne is by male-preference primogeniture and governed by the provisions of the Act of Settlement and the English Bill of Rights. These documents are now a part of Canadian constitutional law. Canada's rules of succession are identical to those of the United Kingdom by the Statute of Westminster.

The term heir apparent refers to someone who is first in the order of succession to a throne and who cannot lose this status by the birth of any other person.  An Heir Apparent differs from an Heir Presumptive in that, although an Heir Presumptive may inherit the throne upon the death of the monarch, the status of the Heir Presumptive as first-in-line could be overturned by the birth of another person of superior legal status who would at the moment they were born become the Heir Apparent or the new Heir Presumptive. In effect an Heir Presumptive is the de facto or stand-by first-in-line until someone with a superior legal status in the order of succession, the Heir Apparent or a new Heir Presumptive, is born.
 
 
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